Carbohydrate metabolism is the most important energy source for many organisms, and its disorder is involved in a variety of diseases including cancer and diabetes. glucose is metabolized to pyruvate by glycolytic enzymes to produce various metabolites including ATP. Glycolytic enzymes are regulated by specific metabolite as well as various environmental changes to induce metabolic alteration, which are required for adaptation to environmental changes. For example, under an oxidative stress condition, specific glycolytic enzymes are downregulated to change the metabolic flow from glycolysis to a branching pathway, pentose phosphate pathway（PPP）, which is a major source for reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate（NADPH）. NADPH is required for antioxidant enzymes as a proton donor. It is well known that inhibition of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase（GAPDH）and pyruvate kinase（PK）activity via oxidation of specific cysteine residues in the enzymes by reactive oxygen species（ROS）are required to suppress the enzyme activity and the resulting glycolytic flow. Such mechanisms are particularly crucial for cancer cell growth. We elucidated a novel regulatory mechanism of glucose metabolism under oxidative stress. These results indicate that oxidative stress and glucose metabolism are closely related and are important for many organisms, from yeast to human. In this review, we will discuss its relationship and present the latest findings.
酸化ストレス下における糖代謝制御機構
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酸化ストレス下における糖代謝制御機構
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